{"id":928,"date":"2016-09-23T19:20:50","date_gmt":"2016-09-23T11:20:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ipcpu.com\/?p=928"},"modified":"2016-09-23T19:20:50","modified_gmt":"2016-09-23T11:20:50","slug":"journald","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/c.ipcpu.com\/2016\/09\/journald\/","title":{"rendered":"journald\u65e5\u5fd7\u4f7f\u7528"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

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\u4e00\u3001\u6982\u8ff0<\/h2>\n

\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6700\u5177\u5438\u5f15\u529b\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\uff0csystemd\u62e5\u6709\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5904\u7406\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u5b83\u5de5\u5177\u65f6\uff0c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5f80\u5f80\u88ab\u5206\u6563\u5728\u6574\u5957\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ca\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8d1f\u8d23\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u96be\u8de8\u8d8a\u591a\u79cd\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5bf9\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u8bfb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0csystemd\u5c1d\u8bd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u5957\u96c6\u4e2d\u5316\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u7edf\u4e00\u6253\u7406\u5168\u90e8\u5185\u6838\u53ca\u7528\u6237\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u8fd9\u5957\u7cfb\u7edf\u80fd\u591f\u6536\u96c6\u5e76\u7ba1\u7406\u65e5\u5fd7\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u719f\u77e5\u7684journal\u3002<\/p>\n

Journal\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u5f52\u529f\u4e8ejournald\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u5176\u8d1f\u8d23\u5904\u7406\u7531\u5185\u6838\u3001initrd\u4ee5\u53ca\u670d\u52a1\u7b49\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5728\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u6559\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u63a2\u8ba8\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528journalctl\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5176\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e0b\u8bbf\u95ee\u5e76\u64cd\u4f5cjournal\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u67e5\u770b<\/h2>\n

\u8981\u67e5\u770bjournald\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6536\u96c6\u5230\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528journalctl\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5355\u72ec\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2ajournal\u6761\u76ee\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u663e\u793a\u5728\u5355\u4e00pager\u4e2d\u4f9b\u6211\u4eec\u6d4f\u89c8\u3002\u6761\u76ee\u65f6\u95f4\u8d8a\u65e9\uff0c\u6392\u5217\u8d8a\u9760\u524d\uff1a<\/p>\n

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[root@ipcpu ~]# journalctl\n-- Logs begin at Wed 2016-12-27 11:25:20 CST, end at Mon 2017-01-08 14:15:38 CST. --\nDec 27 11:25:20 localhost systemd-journal[111]: Runtime journal is using 8.0M (max allowed 399.1M, trying to leave 598.7M free of 3.8G available \u2192 current limit 399.1M).\nDec 27 11:25:20 localhost kernel: Initializing cgroup subsys cpuset\nDec 27 11:25:20 localhost kernel: Initializing cgroup subsys cpu\nDec 27 11:25:20 localhost kernel: Initializing cgroup subsys cpuacct\nDec 27 11:25:20 localhost kernel: Linux version 3.10.0-693.11.1.el7.x86_64 (builder@kbuilder.dev.centos.org) (gcc version 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-16) (GCC) ) #1 SMP\nDec 27 11:25:20 localhost kernel: Command line: BOOT_IMAGE=\/boot\/vmlinuz-3.10.0-693.11.1.el7.x86_64 root=LABEL=cloudimg-rootfs ro nofb nomodeset vga=normal console=tty0 co<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
\u5927\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u9875\u9875\u8fdb\u884c\u7ffb\u770b\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5982\u679c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u8f83\u957f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48systemd\u4e2d\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e5f\u5c06\u6210\u5343\u4e0a\u4e07\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86journal\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u53ef\u89c2\u7684\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5176\u683c\u5f0f\u4e0e\u6807\u51c6\u7684syslog\u65e5\u5fd7\u975e\u5e38\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5176\u6536\u96c6\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6765\u6e90\u8f83syslog\u8981\u4e30\u5bcc\u5f97\u591a\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u6709\u6765\u81ea\u5148\u524d\u5f15\u5bfc\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001\u5185\u6838\u3001initrd\u4ee5\u53ca\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6807\u51c6\u9519\u8bef\u4e0e\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u53ef\u5728journal\u4e2d\u67e5\u770b\u5230\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5927\u5bb6\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\uff0c\u5168\u90e8\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u90fd\u4ee5\u672c\u5730\u65f6\u95f4\u4e3a\u51c6\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u6b63\u786e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u672c\u5730\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u663e\u793a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u4e5f\u90fd\u51c6\u786e\u65e0\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n
2.1    \u5012\u5e8f\u67e5\u770b\uff0c\u4ece\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6761\u5f00\u59cb\u770b<\/p>\n
\n
journalctl  -e<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
2.2    \u5728\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u4e2d\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u4e9b\u89e3\u91ca\u6027\u7684\u77ed\u6587\u672c<\/p>\n
\n
journalctl  -e<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
2.3    \u6307\u5b9a\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6bb5<\/p>\n
\n
journalctl --since \"2015-01-10\" --until \"2015-01-11 03:00\"<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
2.4    \u8ffd\u8e2a\u6b63\u5728\u5199\u5165\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7<\/p>\n
\n
journalctl -f\n#@\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8etail -f<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
2.5    \u6309\u7167\u9519\u8bef\u7ea7\u522b\u663e\u793a\u65e5\u5fd7<\/p>\n
\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ea\u663e\u793a\u9519\u8bef\u7ea7\u522b\u6216\u8005\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6761\u76ee<\/p>\n
\n
journalctl -p err<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
2.6    \u6309\u7167\u5355\u5143\u8fc7\u6ee4\u65e5\u5fd7 
\n\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u5168\u90e8\u6765\u81eaNginx\u5355\u5143\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7<\/p>\n
\n
journalctl -u nginx.service<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
\u4e09\u3001journal\u65e5\u5fd7\u5927\u5c0f\u63a7\u5236<\/h2>\n
\u67e5\u770bjournal\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u91cf<\/p>\n
\n
journalctl --disk-usage<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
\u4f7f\u7528--vacuum-size\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u786c\u6027\u6307\u5b9a\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u603b\u4f53\u4f53\u79ef\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5176\u4f1a\u4e0d\u65ad\u5220\u9664\u65e7\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\u76f4\u5230\u6240\u5360\u5bb9\u91cf\u7b26\u5408\u8981\u6c42\uff1a<\/p>\n
\n
journalctl --vacuum-size=128M<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
\u56db\u3001CentOS7\u4e2djournald\u548crsyslog\u5206\u5de5<\/h2>\n
centos7\u4f7f\u7528systemd-journald\u505a\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5e93\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528rsyslog\u6765\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528logrotate\u6765\u8f6e\u8f6c\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9ed8\u8ba4journald\u914d\u7f6e#ForwardToSyslog=no\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5e76\u672a\u5c06\u65e5\u5fd7\u8f6c\u53d1\u7ed9rsyslog\u3002 
\nrsyslog\u9ed8\u8ba4\u81ea\u5df1\u53bb\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684journald\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5982\u4e0b\uff0c<\/p>\n
\n
# The imjournal module bellow is now used as a message source instead of imuxsock.\n$ModLoad imuxsock # provides support for local system logging (e.g. via logger command)\n$ModLoad imjournal # provides access to the systemd journal<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599<\/h2>\n
http:\/\/blog.csdn.net\/zstack_org\/article\/details\/56274966<\/a> 
\nhttps:\/\/www.digitalocean.com\/community\/tutorials\/how-to-use-journalctl-to-view-and-manipulate-systemd-logs<\/a> 
\nhttps:\/\/ieevee.com\/tech\/2017\/08\/24\/journald.html<\/a><\/p>\n
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<\/wiz_tmp_tag><\/p>\n
\u8f6c\u8f7d\u8bf7\u6ce8\u660e\uff1aIPCPU-\u7f51\u7edc\u4e4b\u8def<\/a> » journald\u65e5\u5fd7\u4f7f\u7528<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u4e00\u3001\u6982\u8ff0 \u4f5c\u4e3a\u6700\u5177\u5438\u5f15\u529b\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\uff0csystemd\u62e5\u6709\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5904\u7406\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u5b83\u5de5\u5177\u65f6\uff0c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5f80\u5f80\u88ab\u5206\u6563\u5728\u6574\u5957\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ca\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8d1f\u8d23\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u96be\u8de8\u8d8a\u591a\u79cd\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5bf9\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u8bfb\u3002 \u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0csystemd\u5c1d\u8bd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u5957\u96c6\u4e2d\u5316\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u7edf\u4e00\u6253\u7406\u5168\u90e8\u5185\u6838\u53ca\u7528\u6237\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u8fd9\u5957\u7cfb\u7edf\u80fd\u591f\u6536\u96c6\u5e76\u7ba1\u7406\u65e5\u5fd7\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u719f\u77e5\u7684journal\u3002 Journal\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u5f52\u529f\u4e8ejournald\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u5176\u8d1f\u8d23\u5904\u7406\u7531\u5185\u6838\u3001initrd\u4ee5\u53ca\u670d\u52a1\u7b49\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5728\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u6559\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u63a2\u8ba8\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528journalctl\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5176\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e0b\u8bbf\u95ee\u5e76\u64cd\u4f5cjournal\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002 \u4e8c\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u67e5\u770b \u8981\u67e5\u770bjournald\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6536\u96c6\u5230\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528journalctl\u547d\u4ee4\u3002 \u5728\u5355\u72ec\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2ajournal\u6761\u76ee\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u663e\u793a\u5728\u5355\u4e00pager\u4e2d\u4f9b\u6211\u4eec\u6d4f\u89c8\u3002\u6761\u76ee\u65f6\u95f4\u8d8a\u65e9\uff0c\u6392\u5217\u8d8a\u9760\u524d\uff1a [root@ipcpu ~]# journalctl — Logs begin at Wed 2016-12-27 11:25:20 CST, end at Mon 2017-01-08 14:15:38 CST. — Dec 27 11:25:20 localhost systemd-journal[111]: Runtime journal is using 8.0M (max allowed 399.1M, trying to leave 598.7M free of 3.8G available \u2192 current limit 399.1M). Dec 27 11:25:20 localhost kernel: […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[3,13],"tags":[17,139,132],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/c.ipcpu.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/928"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/c.ipcpu.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/c.ipcpu.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c.ipcpu.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c.ipcpu.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=928"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/c.ipcpu.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/928\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/c.ipcpu.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=928"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c.ipcpu.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=928"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c.ipcpu.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=928"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}