{"id":1190,"date":"2018-11-11T11:07:48","date_gmt":"2018-11-11T11:07:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ipcpu.com\/?p=1190"},"modified":"2019-03-11T11:09:19","modified_gmt":"2019-03-11T11:09:19","slug":"prometheus-monitor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/c.ipcpu.com\/2018\/11\/prometheus-monitor\/","title":{"rendered":"Prometheus\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e13\u9898\u4e00\u3001\u7b80\u4ecb\u5b89\u88c5\u4f7f\u7528"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Prometheus\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e13\u9898\u4e00\u3001\u7b80\u4ecb\u5b89\u88c5\u4f7f\u7528.md<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"\u4e00\u3001Prometheus\u7b80\u4ecb\">\u4e00\u3001Prometheus\u7b80\u4ecb<\/h2>\n<p>Prometheus\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u62a5\u8b66\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7279\u70b9\u662f<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u591a\u7ef4\u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b\uff08\u65f6\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u7531metric\u540d\u548c\u4e00\u7ec4key\/value\u7ec4\u6210\uff09 <br \/>\n  \u5728\u591a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u8a00(PromQl) <br \/>\n  \u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u5355\u4e3b\u8282\u70b9\u5de5\u4f5c. <br \/>\n  \u901a\u8fc7\u57fa\u4e8eHTTP\u7684pull\u65b9\u5f0f\u91c7\u96c6\u65f6\u5e8f\u6570\u636e <br \/>\n  \u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7push gateway\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u63a8\u9001(pushing) <br \/>\n  \u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u670d\u52a1\u53d1\u73b0\u6216\u8005\u9759\u6001\u914d\u7f6e\u53bb\u83b7\u53d6\u8981\u91c7\u96c6\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u670d\u52a1\u5668 <br \/>\n  \u591a\u79cd\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u56fe\u8868\u53ca\u4eea\u8868\u76d8\u652f\u6301<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h4 id=\"Push\u8fd8\u662fPull\uff1f\">Push\u8fd8\u662fPull\uff1f<\/h4>\n<p>\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0bPrometheus\u91c7\u96c6\u6570\u636e\u662f\u7528\u7684pull\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u62c9\u6a21\u578b,\u901a\u8fc7HTTP\u534f\u8bae\u53bb\u91c7\u96c6\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5e94\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u4f9bHTTP\u63a5\u53e3\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u5165\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8e\u79c1\u6709\u534f\u8bae\u6216\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u534f\u8bae\u6765\u8bf4\u5f00\u53d1\u3001\u7b80\u5355\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u5916Prometheus\u4e5f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86push\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u63a5\u5165\u3002 <br \/>\n\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u8fd9\u79cd\u77ed\u5468\u671f\u7684\u6307\u6807\u91c7\u96c6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u91c7\u7528pull\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9020\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\uff0cPrometheus\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u6765\u5f97\u53ca\u91c7\u96c6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u8f6c\u5c42\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u63a8\u6570\u636e\u5230Push Gateway\u7f13\u5b58\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u7531Prometheus\u4ecepush gateway pull\u6307\u6807\u8fc7\u6765\u3002(\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u642d\u5efaPush Gateway\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u65b0\u589ejob\u53bb\u4ecegateway\u91c7\u6570\u636e)<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"\u4e8c\u3001Prometheus\u67b6\u6784\">\u4e8c\u3001Prometheus\u67b6\u6784<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/\/www.ipcpu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/c93114e5298371d27ef4b11843a1aa83_3f17e9c5-f8d4-45ae-a98e-c67ae76294c2.jpg\" style=\"vertical-align: bottom; max-width: 100%;\"><\/p>\n<p>\u5b83\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684 Prometheus daemon \u8d1f\u8d23\u5b9a\u65f6\u53bb\u76ee\u6807\u4e0a\u6293\u53d6 metrics(\u6307\u6807) \u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6293\u53d6\u76ee\u6807\u9700\u8981\u66b4\u9732\u4e00\u4e2ahttp\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u7ed9\u5b83\u5b9a\u65f6\u6293\u53d6\u3002 <br \/>\nPrometheus\u652f\u6301\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u3001zookeeper\u3001Consul\u3001DNS SRV lookup\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\u6307\u5b9a\u6293\u53d6\u76ee\u6807\u3002 <br \/>\nAlertmanager \u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8ePrometheus\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u652f\u6301Prometheus\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u5341\u5206\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u62a5\u8b66\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002 <br \/>\nPrometheus\u652f\u6301\u5f88\u591a\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u56fe\u8868\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5341\u5206\u7cbe\u7f8e\u7684Grafana\uff0c\u81ea\u5e26\u7684Promdash\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u81ea\u8eab\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6a21\u7248\u5f15\u64ce\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9bHTTP API\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u63d0\u4f9bmetric\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5c31\u662fExporter\uff0cPrometheus\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u975e\u5e38\u591a\u7684Exporter\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"\u4e09\u3001\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff08metrictypes\uff09\">\u4e09\u3001\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff08metric types\uff09<\/h2>\n<p>Prometheus\u63d0\u4f9b\u5ea6\u91cf\u7c7b\u578b\uff08metric types\uff09\u6709\u56db\u79cd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>Counter <br \/>\n  Gauge <br \/>\n  Histogram <br \/>\n  Summary\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Counter\u3001Gauge\u548cCacti\u3001Zabbix\u3001OpenFalon\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\uff0ccounter\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u6765\u7ebf\u6027\u589e\u957f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f8b\u5982\u5e26\u5bbd\u3001Gauge\u5c31\u662f\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u666e\u901a\u6570\u636e\u3002 <br \/>\nHistogram \u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u76f4\u65b9\u56fe\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u91c7\u6837\uff0c\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u8bf7\u6c42\u6301\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4\u6216\u54cd\u5e94\u5927\u5c0f\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u80fd\u591f\u5bf9\u5176\u6307\u5b9a\u533a\u95f4\u4ee5\u53ca\u603b\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u5b83\u8ba1\u7b97\u5206\u4f4d\u6570\u7684\u76f4\u65b9\u56fe\u3002 <br \/>\nSummary\u548cHistogram\u5341\u5206\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u91c7\u6837\uff0c\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u8bf7\u6c42\u6301\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4\u6216\u54cd\u5e94\u5927\u5c0f\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u76f4\u63a5\u5b58\u50a8\u4e86 quantile \u6570\u636e\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6839\u636e\u7edf\u8ba1\u533a\u95f4\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u8bbf\u95eeExporter\u7684\/metrics API\u5730\u5740\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e0b\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dHELP\u7528\u4e8e\u8bf4\u660e\u5ea6\u91cf\u7c7b\u578b\uff0cTYPE\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u4e0b<\/p>\n<div>\n<pre><code>#@Prometheus\u81ea\u8eab\u7684Exporter\r\n# HELP node_load5 5m load average.\r\n# TYPE node_load5 gauge\r\nnode_load5 0.01<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"\u56db\u3001Prometheus\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u5206\u6790\">\u56db\u3001Prometheus\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u5206\u6790<\/h2>\n<p>\u4ece\u6700\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u6293\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u4e0a\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6837\u5b50\uff0c <br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/\/www.ipcpu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/c93114e5298371d27ef4b11843a1aa83_05f85aad-643d-41d8-8316-f07ab22f9745.jpg\" style=\"vertical-align: bottom; max-width: 100%;\"><\/p>\n<p>\u6bcf\u4e2aMetric name\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u7c7b\u7684\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u643a\u5e26\u4e0d\u540c\u7684Labels\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2aMetric name + Label\u7ec4\u5408\u6210\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u6761\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/\/www.ipcpu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/c93114e5298371d27ef4b11843a1aa83_db111bdb-1b65-40ac-9232-660f71aeb9eb.jpg\" style=\"vertical-align: bottom; max-width: 100%;\"><\/p>\n<p>Prometheus\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86LevelDB\u7684\u5f15\u64ce\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u662f\u987a\u5e8f\u8bfb\u5199\u6027\u80fd\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u7b26\u5408\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"\u4e94\u3001Prometheus\u5b89\u88c5\">\u4e94\u3001Prometheus\u5b89\u88c5<\/h2>\n<p>Prometheus\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u65b9\u5f0f\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528docker\u6216\u8005k8s\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5305\u7684\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5730\u5740\uff1a <br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/prometheus.io\/download\/\">https:\/\/prometheus.io\/download\/<\/a> <br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/prometheus\/prometheus\/releases\/tag\/v2.2.1\">https:\/\/github.com\/prometheus\/prometheus\/releases\/tag\/v2.2.1<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u89e3\u538b\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"\u516d\u3001Prometheus\u7b80\u5355\u4f7f\u7528\">\u516d\u3001Prometheus\u7b80\u5355\u4f7f\u7528<\/h2>\n<p>\u542f\u52a8Prometheus<\/p>\n<div>\n<pre><code>nohup .\/prometheus -config.file=prometheus.yml &amp;\r\n\u6216\r\nnohup \/opt\/prometheus-1.6.2.linux-amd64\/prometheus &amp;<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2dprometheus.yml\u662f\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u91cc\u9762\u914d\u7f6e\u6293\u53d6\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982<\/p>\n<div>\n<pre><code>scrape_configs:\r\n  # The job name is added as a label `job=&lt;job_name&gt;` to any timeseries scraped from this config.\r\n  - job_name: 'prometheus'\r\n\r\n    # metrics_path defaults to '\/metrics'\r\n    # scheme defaults to 'http'.\r\n\r\n    static_configs:\r\n    - targets: ['localhost:9090']\r\n\r\n  #grap node expoter\r\n  - job_name: \"node-stat\"\r\n    static_configs:\r\n      - targets: ['172.28.0.55:19001']\r\n        labels:\r\n          business: feedback\r\n      - targets: ['172.28.0.56:19001']\r\n        labels:\r\n          business: feedback<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e2d\u6253\u5f00Prometheus\u670d\u52a1\u56689090\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u3002 <br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/\/www.ipcpu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/c93114e5298371d27ef4b11843a1aa83_d55693f0-a2d5-4749-a853-850351b47775.jpg\" style=\"vertical-align: bottom; max-width: 100%;\"><\/p>\n<p>\u8f93\u5165\u6846\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662fPromQL\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6211\u4eec\u4e0b\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4f1a\u4ed4\u7ec6\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"\u53c2\u8003\">\u53c2\u8003<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnblogs.com\/vovlie\/p\/7709312.html\">https:\/\/www.cnblogs.com\/vovlie\/p\/7709312.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p><wiz_tmp_tag id=\"wiz-table-range-border\" contenteditable=\"false\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<div id=\"wiz-table-col-line\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/div>\n<div id=\"wiz-table-row-line\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/div>\n<div id=\"wiz-table-range-border_start\" style=\"display: none;\">\n<div id=\"wiz-table-range-border_start_top\"><\/div>\n<div id=\"wiz-table-range-border_start_right\"><\/div>\n<div id=\"wiz-table-range-border_start_bottom\"><\/div>\n<div id=\"wiz-table-range-border_start_left\"><\/div>\n<div id=\"wiz-table-range-border_start_dot\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"wiz-table-range-border_range\" style=\"display: none;\">\n<div id=\"wiz-table-range-border_range_top\"><\/div>\n<div id=\"wiz-table-range-border_range_right\"><\/div>\n<div id=\"wiz-table-range-border_range_bottom\"><\/div>\n<div id=\"wiz-table-range-border_range_left\"><\/div>\n<div id=\"wiz-table-range-border_range_dot\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><\/wiz_tmp_tag><\/p>\n<p>\u8f6c\u8f7d\u8bf7\u6ce8\u660e\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/c.ipcpu.com\">IPCPU-\u7f51\u7edc\u4e4b\u8def<\/a> &raquo; <a href=\"https:\/\/c.ipcpu.com\/2018\/11\/prometheus-monitor\/\">Prometheus\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e13\u9898\u4e00\u3001\u7b80\u4ecb\u5b89\u88c5\u4f7f\u7528<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Prometheus\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e13\u9898\u4e00\u3001\u7b80\u4ecb\u5b89\u88c5\u4f7f\u7528.md \u4e00\u3001Prometheus\u7b80\u4ecb Prometheus\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u62a5\u8b66\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7279\u70b9\u662f \u591a\u7ef4\u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b\uff08\u65f6\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u7531metric\u540d\u548c\u4e00\u7ec4key\/value\u7ec4\u6210\uff09 \u5728\u591a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u8a00(PromQl) \u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u5355\u4e3b\u8282\u70b9\u5de5\u4f5c. \u901a\u8fc7\u57fa\u4e8eHTTP\u7684pull\u65b9\u5f0f\u91c7\u96c6\u65f6\u5e8f\u6570\u636e \u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7push gateway\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u63a8\u9001(pushing) 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